Kurash

The International Kurash Association from 2010 is a signatory of the World Anti-Doping Code and follows rules and recommendations of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) in the fight against use of doping in sports. The IKA requests all its members and athletes to strictly follow the Rules and Regulations set by the WADA. Please see below the downloadable documents related to anti-doping matters in the IKA. For full information on anti-doping please refer to the WADA’s official website at www.wada-ama.org.

The WADA published the 2024 List of
Prohibited Substances and Methods

The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) has
published the 2025 List of Prohibited
Substances and Methods (List), which was
approved by WADA s Executive Committee
(ExCo) during its meeting on 12nd September
2024 and comes into force on 1st January
2025.

01 ITA ANTI-DOPING EDUCATION CONTENT GUIDELINES

Introduction

This document was designed by the International Testing Agency (ITA) to support International Federations (IF) with the development of their respective anti-doping website sections and content as per the 2021 World Anti-Doping Code (Code). The purpose of an anti-doping section on IF websites is to make sure that all information is current and in line with the 2021 World Anti-Doping Code, to meet the requirements of the Code Art. 18.2 (Education Program and Plan by Signatories) and to ensure that all relevant anti-doping information is easily accessible to the IF community.

These guidelines are meant to be adapted to the needs and specificities of the sport and do not automatically guarantee compliance with the WADA International Standard for Education (ISE) or any other International Standards. It is important that the IF regularly reviews the website to make sure that the information provided is up to date.

Purpose

Code Art. 18.2, requests that the following components, at a minimum, shall be available on a website:

- 1. Principles and values associated with clean sport
  2. Athletes’, Athlete Support Personnel’s and other groups’ rights and responsibilities under the Code The Principle of Strict Liability
  3. Consequences of doping, for example, physical and mental health, social and economic effects, and sanctions
  4. Anti-doping rule violations
  5. Substances and Methods on the Prohibited List
  6. Risks of supplement use
  7. Use of medications and Therapeutic Use Exemptions
  8. Testing procedures, including urine, blood and the Athlete Biological Passport
  9. Requirements of the Registered Testing Pool, including Whereabouts and the use of the Anti-Doping Administrative & Management System (ADAMS)
  10. Substances and Methods on the Prohibited List

The International Olympic Committee (IOC) values are excellence, friendship and respect. The International Paralympic Committee (IPC) values are respect, integrity, fairness, collaboration and excellence.

The International Kurash Association supports this principle and has put in place a strong and comprehensive Education Program for Kurash athletes, Athlete Support Personnel and other members of the Kurash community in order to empower themselves to compete with integrity and fairness.

02 PRINCIPLES AND VALUES ASSOCIATED WITH CLEAN SPORT

IKA values include those which are in line with the ‘spirit of sport’ which is the celebration of human spirit, body, and mind. It is the essence of Olympism and is reflected in the values we find through sport, including:

- 1. Health
  2. Ethics, fair play and honesty
  3. Athletes’ rights as set forth in the Code
  4. Excellence in performance
  5. Character and Education.
  6. Fun and joy
  7. Teamwork
  8. Dedication and commitment
  9. Respect for rules and laws
  10. Respect for self and other Participants
  11. Courage
  12. Community and solidarity

03 THE ANTI-DOPING LANDSCAPE

The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) is the independent international body responsible for harmonising anti-doping policies in all sports and all countries. The World Anti-Doping Code is the core document that harmonises anti-doping policies, rules and regulations within sport organisations around the world. The Code is supplemented by eight International Standards, including the Prohibited List that is updated at least annually.

As a Signatory of the World Anti-Doping Code, International Kurash Association is responsible for implementing an effective and Code-compliant anti-doping program for the sport of Kurash. The International Kurash Association also has its own set of anti-doping rules and it is important that those involved in the sport are familiar with them. These rules can be found here:

International Kurash Association has delegated the management of its Athlete Biological Passport, Compliance, Education, In-Competition Testing, Intelligence & Investigations, Long-Term storage, Out-of-Competition Testing, Results Management, Reveal, Test Distribution Plan Creation, Therapeutic Use Exemptions, and Whereabouts clean sport activities to the International testing Agency clean sport activities to the International Testing Agency (ITA), an independent organisation that manages anti-doping programs on behalf of International Federations and Major Event Organisers.

WADA, International Kurash Association, the ITA and the National Anti-Doping Organisations (NADOs) coordinate all anti-doping efforts within the sport of Kurash.

04 RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES UNDER THE CODE

Rights and Responsibilities

Athletes, Athlete Support Personnel and other groups who are subject to anti-doping rules all have rights and responsibilities under the World Anti-Doping Code (Code). Part Three of the Code outlines these foreach stakeholder in the anti-doping system.

It is especially important that athletes and Athlete Support Personnel know and understand Code Art. 21 (Additional Roles and Responsibilities of Athletes and Other Persons), particularly Art. 21.1 (Roles and Responsibilities of Athletes), Art. 21.2 (Roles and Responsibilities of Athlete Support Personnel) and Art. 21.3 (Roles and Responsibilities of Other Persons Subject to the Code).

Athletes’ Rights

This section presents a summary of the key athlete rights. It is important that both athletes and Athlete Support Personnel know and understand these.

Ensuring that athletes are aware of their rights and these are respected is vital to the success of clean sport. Athlete rights exist throughout the Code and International Standards and they include:

- 1. Equality of opportunity
  2. Equitable and Fair Testing programs
  3. shoulder marking (not more then 25 cm, width up to 5 cm);
  4. Medical treatment and protection of health rights
  5. Right to justice
  6. Right to accountability
  7. Whistleblower rights
  8. Right to education
  9. Right to data protection
  10. Rights to compensation
  11. Protected Persons Rights
  12. Rights during a Sample Collection Session
  13. Right to B sample analysis
  14. Other rights and freedoms not affected
  15. Application and standing

The Athletes’ Anti-Doping Rights Act sets out these rights and responsibilities. For more information, you can refer directly to the document here: Athletes’ Anti-Doping Rights Act.

Athletes’ Responsibilities

It is equally important that athletes are aware of their anti-doping responsibilities. Athlete Support Personnel should also familiarise themselves with these in order to be able to support their athletes. These include:

- 1. Knowing and following International Kurash Association any other applicable Anti-Doping Rules (for example, those of Major Event Organizations)
  2. Taking full responsibility for what you ingest – make sure that no prohibited substance enters your body and that no prohibited methods are used
  3. Informing medical personnel of your obligations as an athlete
  4. Cooperating with International Kurash Association and other Anti-Doping Organizations (WADA, ITA, NADOs)
  5. Being available for sample collection
  6. Not working with coaches, trainers, physicians or other Athlete Support Personnel who are ineligible on account of an ADRV, or who have been criminally convicted or disciplined in relation to doping (see WADA’s Prohibited Association List)

Further details of these roles and responsibilities can be found in Code Art. 21.1.

Athletes also have specific rights and responsibilities during the Doping Control Process. Please refer to this section for more information on this.

Rights and Responsibilities of Athlete Support Personnel and other groups

Like athletes, Athlete Support Personnel and others under the jurisdiction of International Kurash Association also have rights and responsibilities as per the Code. These include:

- 1. Being knowledgeable of anti-doping policies and rules which are applicable to you or the athlete(s) you support
  2. Using your influence on athlete values and behaviours to foster anti-doping attitudes
  3. Complying with all anti-doping policies and rules which are applicable to you and the athlete(s) you support
  4. Cooperating with the athlete testing program
  5. Disclosing to International Kurash Association and their NADO whether you have committed any Anti-Doping Rule Violations (ADRVs) within the previous ten years
  6. Cooperating with anti-doping organisations investigating ADRVs

Further details of these roles and responsibilities can be found in Code Art. 21.2 and 21.3.

THE PRINCIPLE OF STRICT LIABILITY

In anti-doping, the principle of Strict Liability applies – if it is in the athlete’s body, the athlete is responsible for it.

This means that every athlete is strictly liable for the substances found in their urine and/or blood sample collected during doping control, regardless of whether the athlete intentionally or unintentionally used a prohibited substance or method. Therefore, it is vital that athletes and Athlete Support Personnel know the rules and understand their responsibilities under the Code.

Athletes must know and understand the Prohibited List and with the risks associated with supplement use. More information on the Prohibited List, medications and supplements is available in the Prohibited List, Medications & Supplements section

https://www.wada-ama.org/en/prohibited-list

05 THE PRINCIPLE OF STRICT LIABILITY

In anti-doping, the principle of Strict Liability applies – if it is in the athlete’s body, the athlete is responsible for it.

https://www.wada-ama.org/en/prohibited-list

06 ANTI-DOPING RULE VIOLATIONS

Doping is defined as the occurrence of one or more of the following Anti-Doping Rule Violations (ADRVs) in line with Code Art. 2 (Anti-Doping Rule Violations):

- 1. Presence of a prohibited substance in an Athlete’s sample
  2. Use or attempted use of a prohibited substance or method
  3. Refusal to submit to sample collection after being notified
  4. Failure to file Athlete Whereabouts information & missed tests
  5. Tampering with any part of the doping control process
  6. Possession of a prohibited substance or method
  7. Trafficking a prohibited substance or method
  8. Administering or attempting to administer a prohibited substance or method to an Athlete
  9. Complicity in an ADRV
  10. Prohibited association with sanctioned Athlete Support Personnel
  11. Discourage or Retaliate other Persons from reporting relevant Anti-Doping information to the authorities.

The first four Anti-Doping Rule Violations apply only to athletes since they refer to the obligation not to take banned substances and the obligation to submit to testing.

The remaining seven Anti-Doping Rules apply to both the athletes and the Athlete Support Personnel including coaches, medical professionals, or anyone else working with the athlete or involved in anti-doping activities. National and International Federation administrators, officials and sample collection staff may also be liable for their conduct under the World Anti-Doping Code.

07 SUBSTANCES AND METHODS ON THE PROHIBITED LIST

The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) produces a list of substances and methods that are banned in sport in the form of the Prohibited List. It is updated at least annually, with the new list taking effect on January 1 of each year.

It is important that athletes and Athlete Support Personnel are familiar with the Prohibited List and know how to check whether medications are prohibited in sport.

A substance or method can be added to the Prohibited List if it meets at least two of the following three criteria:

- 1. It has the potential to enhance or enhances sport performance.
  2. Use of the substance or method represents an actual or potential health risk to the athlete.
  3. Use of the substance or method violates the spirit of sport.

The Prohibited List includes substances and methods that are categorised into three groups:

- 1. Substances and methods prohibited at all times
  2. Substances and methods prohibited in-competition
  3. Substances prohibited in particular sports

According to the Code, the in-competition is the period commencing at 11:59 p.m. on the day before a Competition in which the Athlete is scheduled to participate through the end of such Competition and the Sample collection process related to such Competition

The in-competition period is very important to understand when it relates to substances that are prohibited in-competition. When a substance is prohibited in-competition, it must leave the athlete’s system by the time the said competition begins. It does not mean that the athlete must stop taking the substance by the time the in-competition period begins. Different substances take different amounts of time to leave the system – athletes must be extremely careful to make sure that they are not caught with a positive test as a result of taking a substance prohibited in-competition.

The most up-to-date version of the Prohibited List can be foundhere.

08 USE OF MEDICATIONS & RISKS OF SUPPLEMENTS USE

Checking Medications

We recommend using Global Drug Reference Online (Global DRO) to check all medications. Global DRO provides athletes and Athlete Support Personnel with information about the prohibited status of specific medications based on the current World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) Prohibited List.

Here are a few tips and tricks to help athletes and Athlete Support Personnel navigate the Prohibited List and to be able to select medications that are safe to take within the context of sport:

- 1. Only the medical ingredient names are listed on the Prohibited List – not the brand names
  2. Always check dosage restrictions, route administration of the medicine and any limitations for the use of the drug based on gender
  3. Check both over-the-counter and prescription medications before using them
  4. Inform your medical professional that you are an athlete and subject to anti-doping regulations
  5. Different substances take different amounts of time to leave your system – take that into account when taking substances prohibited in-competition
  6. Be careful when substituting one brand of medication for another – they may contain different medical ingredients
  7. Be careful when travelling – the same brand of a medication may contain different medical ingredients abroad
  8. Regularly check for updates to the Prohibited List

Risks of Supplements

Extreme caution is recommended regarding supplement use. A number of positive tests have been attributed to the misuse of supplements, poor labelling or contamination of dietary supplements, and there is no guarantee that a supplement is free from prohibited substances.

Risks of supplements include:

- 1. Manufacturing standards, which are often less strict compared with medicines. These lower standards often lead to supplement contamination with an undeclared prohibited substance;
  2. Fake or low-quality products which may contain prohibited substances – and be harmful to health;
  3. Mislabelling of supplements with ingredients wrongly listed and prohibited substances not identified on the product label;
  4. Misleading and false claims that a particular supplement is endorsed by Anti-Doping Organisations or that it is “safe for athletes”. Anti-Doping Organisations do not certify supplements.

All athletes should do a risk-benefit assessment if they are considering the use supplements. The first step of such an assessment is to consider whether a “food-first” approach meets the athlete’s needs. Whenever possible, such assessment should be done with a support of a certified nutritionist or other qualified professional who is familiar with the global and International Kurash Association anti-doping rules.

Checking Supplements

If, after careful consideration, an athlete chooses to use supplements, they must take the necessary steps to minimise the risks. This includes:

- 1. Thorough research on the type and dose of the supplement, preferably with the advice of a certified nutritionist or other qualified professional who is familiar with the global and International Kurash Association anti-doping rules.
  2. Selecting only those supplements that have been batch-tested by an independent company. Companies that batch-test supplements includeInformed Sport, Certified for Sport or Kölner Liste.

Remember, no supplement is 100% risk-free but athletes and Athlete Support Personnel can take certain steps to minimise these risks.

For more information, please watch this ITA webinar on nutritional supplements.